The new system modeled after Australia, issued ballots printed by the state and requiring voters to mark their choices secretly within a private booth. For example, Hull-House was founded by Jane Addams as a residence for women activists and a community center for Chicago's immigrant and low-income populations. Woodrow Wilson did not initially support giving women the vote, however, massive protests eventually convinced him and the country. Social welfare reform movement 2. The fire killed 146 factory workers, predominantly young immigrant women, and caused public uproar about dangerous working conditions. The rules are as follows: Employees who can't afford lunch may take someone else's lunch fro the employee fridge. Other major influences during this period were leaders of political parties and unions. 30 0 obj <> endobj | American Involvement in WWI, 1920's American Culture | City Life & Values. Pre-made digital activities. Progressives were concerned about the living environment in cities across America. How are they unique to the time? Direct primary elections, which allowed ordinary citizens, instead of just politicians, to vote for their party's nomination. Some people believe that fight is still ongoing. They were, however, less corrupt. Updates? Social Reforms People and Groups Involved Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc.) In The Treason of the Senate, he claimed that the majority of senators were catering to the wishes of the railroads and large trusts, not the American people. Eliminating prostitution and sex trafficking was on the Progressive agenda. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# No longer would candidates be determined in back-door meetings of politicians. Laurel has taught social studies courses at the high school level and has a master's degree in history. Even so, societal attitudes broadly condemned women who deviated from the norm, including those who engaged in sexual activity outside of marriage. Some of the measures were first proposed by Populists, such as William Jennings Bryan, including the initiative, referendum, and recall. These electoral reforms during the Progressive Era were focused on increasing the ability of voters to engage with government. By 1916, their efforts had led to the passage of Prohibition laws in nineteen states. The commissioners come together to enact legislation. Republican Motherhood Concept & Benefits | What is Republican Motherhood? Select one: General Bank Account Trust Account Receipt Bank Deposit Transfer journal End of month Landlord. While Presidents during this period were incredibly influential in the progressive cause, the work of politicians like congressmen was just as integral to the movement. The need for reform was highlighted by a group of journalists and writers known as the muckrakers, who made Americans aware of the serious failings in society and built public support for change. Rapid industrialization had transformed the American workplace and lifestyle. Workers faced dismal working conditions and exhausting working hours during the Progressive Era and in the preceding decades. 65 terms. This amendment made it legal to directly tax the income of citizens. These activists were concerned that alcohol was harming their families and society in general. He served as a congressmen, senator, and governor of Wisconsin. People began to ask themselves: Fifty years prior, a majority of Americans lived and worked on their own farm. One of the most effective weapons in its campaign were photographs taken by Lewis Hine that showed boys and girls as young as eight years of age working with dangerous equipment in coal mines and factories. WebProgressive Era Muckrakers Chart and Worksheet by Students of History 4.9 (262) $2.75 PDF Google Apps This activity on Progressive Era Muckrakers features a 1-page reading about Muckrakers plus a chart of 7 famous American muckrakers, their works, subjects, and the effects they had on America. All people having health insurance would, in the eyes of progressives, strengthen society and help people who would otherwise be disadvantaged by medical conditions. In 1916, Margaret Sanger, a public health nurse, established the first birth control clinic in the United States. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire. They also emphasize the importance of expanding democracy in as many ways as possible. After the end of World War I, a majority of voters finally agreed women deserved the ability to vote in elections. What Was the Anaconda Plan? Previous. However, now people were moving into urban centers and working for weekly paychecks. Many large cities were controlled by political machines, which were organizations that controlled the activities of a political party. - Definition, History & Goals, What is a Megaron? Corrections? Progressivism is a political philosophy that centers around reforming society. These changes made it much harder for elections to be tampered with, and all states had the secret ballot in place by 1910. Ultimately, there were loopholes that meant the wealthy did not pay much in taxes; however, this was the first of the progressive amendments and started the process of amending the Constitution in order to better society in the eyes of the Progressive Movement in the early 1900s. Prior to the progressive era, businesses were largely unregulated. They included the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Amendments. The Progressive Era of U.S. history also saw important reforms to democratic processes. His reforms addressed the progressive goals of democracy, social welfare, and economic reform. This activity is designed for students to both learn and teach about Progressive Era Reforms in the United States. As the governor of New York, Roosevelt was attempting to get these monopolies under control. Ida B. WebThe Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform that spread across the United States, and was in a response to problems that arose from immigration, industrialization, urbanization, and governmental corruption. Taft continued Roosevelts Progressive policies. Nathan Murphy received his B.A. I. While the National American Woman Suffrage Association relied on patient organizing, militant groups adopted more direct tactics. In the mid to late 19th century, natural resources were heavily exploited, especially in the West. Web8th grade Social Studies STAAR Review "Packet". Initiative is a method in which voters can initiate or propose state laws. in History at the California State University in Long Beach. Resources: Progressive Era Reforms. Henry Ford's implementation of the assembly line, based on the ideas of Frederick W. Taylor, increased production efficiency exponentially. From Vice President to President: George H.W. Unlike previous groups, the new organization focused its effort on prohibiting alcohol rather than persuading individuals to stop drinking. Making government more responsive and efficient. If the referendum question gains enough yes votes, then it passes. Because of his anger with Taft over trust busting, Roosevelt decided to throw his hat back into the ring and run for a third term. In 1900, when a hurricane and flood destroyed much of the infrastructure of Galveston, Texas, the mayor and city council were replaced with a commission made up of nonpartisan administrators who ran each of the city's municipal departments. The case was significant because the Court accepted the Brandeis Brief a wealth of sociological, economic, and medical evidence submitted by attorney Louis Brandeis demonstrating that the health of the women was impaired by long factory hours. During the Progressive Era of the early 1900s, popular opinion was coming to agree with these activists. Describe. The Progressive Era saw many important reforms, including legislation regulating working hours and conditions, For example, Jacob Riis', Likewise, literary reformers like Upton Sinclair created significant political change through their writing. Anna has taught middle and high school English for over three years. 0 Finally, as they present, the class is asked to categorize each reform as being political, social, or economic in nature, and we post them on the wall under one of the three categories (this assignment requires that students understand the different levels of government, as well as the definitions of political, social, and economic reforms). The Supreme Court agreed in Muller v. Oregon (1908) and upheld a state law that limited women laundry workers to working no more than ten hours a day. Progressivism heavily overlaps with the philosophy of liberalism (different than the modern idea of a 'liberal'). Calls for reform originated with muckrakers like Lincoln Steffens, who revealed the widespread corruption of city politicians and urban political machines. In 1906, David Graham Phillip illustrated the unfair influence large trusts had over the U.S. Senate. WebProgressive Era to New Era, 1900-1929 Overview The early 20th century was an era of business expansion and progressive reform in the United States. Wilson was a Democrat, while his two predecessors were Republican. The Industrial Revolution (1820-1870) had revolutionized production methods and manufacturing. Tracking data per nation, the vertical axis is the average number of children per woman. New types of municipal governments during the Progressive Era included the city commission and city manager systems. In this essay, we want you to. Sometimes, these young workers toiled in dangerous conditions for six days a week, up to eighteen hours per day. Despite repeated legal threats and raids, the clinic grew into the American Birth Control League in 1921 and was rebranded as Planned Parenthood in 1942. Guided by pragmatist ideals like those of William James and John Dewey, Progressives sought to increase the protection of workers, children, and women. Crazy History Teacher Lady. The primary example of progressive reform in this century is the Affordable Care Act, which represents the idea that all citizens deserve access to health insurance. WebProgressive era. Election reform also included the secret ballot and direct primaries. Emergency Immigration Act Overview & Significance | What Was the Emergency Quota Act? enroediger. Describe the realities of the meat-packing industry exposed by Upton Sinclair. They bribed judges, installed supporters in city hall, and only gave government contracts out in exchange for favors. However, liberalism does not focus specifically on the central government enacting change in the name of the common good. Both charts include answer keys with the basic information for each of the listed reforms, as well as where they best fit in the political, social, or economic categories. Other reforms include antitrust laws and laws promoting direct democracy such as direct primaries, recalls, and referendums. In 1924, Robert La Follette ran for president as the Progressive Party candidate, although he, too, was unsuccessful in obtaining the presidency. The influence and actions of monopolists and business owners were by no means universally negative; however, these are the issues that concerned members of the emerging Progressive Movement. Concept & Benefits | What is Republican Motherhood | American Involvement in,... Efforts had led to the passage of Prohibition laws in nineteen states the number... In General public health nurse, established the first birth control clinic in the states. Judges, installed supporters in city hall, and caused public uproar about dangerous conditions... Era were focused on increasing the ability of voters finally agreed women deserved the ability of voters agreed. Groups Involved Successes ( laws, legal decisions, etc. dangerous working conditions legal decisions etc! 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